Function

• Primary building block for amino acids, protein, and protoplasm
• Critical for flower differentiation, rapid shoot growth, bud vigor, and fruit set
• Acts as a catalyst for other elements

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Foliage is yellowish green, foliage yellowing first
• Stunted plants
• Smaller fruit, lower yields

MADE WORSE BY

• Extreme low or high pH
• Fast growing crops

Function

• Important for energy transfer and storage
• Formation of nucleic acids
• Promotes root, flower, and seed development

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Severe stunting and leaf dieback
• Leaves, stems, and veins dark green to purple
• Delayed maturity
• Poor seed development

MADE WORSE BY

• Very acidic or calcareous conditions
• Cold conditions
• Poorly developed root systems
• Low Phosphorus, high Iron

Function

• Necessary for the formation of sugars and starches
• Essential for oil production
• Enzyme activator
• Improves cold weather tolerance

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Leaf distortion and curling
• Marginal leaf scorch
• Late season blotchy chlorosis
• Poorly developed root system

MADE WORSE BY

• Acidic conditions
• High Calcium and Magnesium

Function

• Aids in cell wall structure
• Necessary for early root growth
• Regulates nutrient uptake and movement throughout the plant

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Poor root development
• Premature shedding of blossoms and buds
• Deformed terminal leaves and dead terminal buds

MADE WORSE BY

• Acidic conditions
• High Aluminum

Function

• Enzyme activator
• Chlorophyll synthesis
• Aids in seed germination
• Aids in the use of Phosphorus

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Interveinal chlorosis and necrosis especially on older leaf tips
• Drooping leaves
• Excessive premature fruit drops

MADE WORSE BY

• Very acidic conditions
• High Potassium or Calcium

Function

• Component of amino acids and proteins
• Aids in nodule formation of sugars and starches

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Leaves are light green / yellow
• Plants are stunted
• Delayed maturity

MADE WORSE BY

• Acidic conditions
• Poor aeration

Function

• Pollen tube formation
• Important for early growth
• Necessary for cell division
• Aids in Calcium translocation

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Death of terminal growth
• Thick brittle leaves
• Poor fruit set / malformed fruit

MADE WORSE BY

• High Nitrogen or Calcium
• High pH media
• Alkaline conditions

Function

• Critical for photosynthesis
• Necessary for seed development
• Component for several enzymes

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Marginal chlorosis
• Shoot dieback, stunted growth
• Necrotic areas on terminal buds

MADE WORSE BY

• Organic conditions
• High Nitrogen application
• Water stressed plants

Function

• Chlorophyll formation
• Activator for respiration
• Enzyme activation

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Interveinal chlorosis, young leaves first
• Stunted growth

MADE WORSE BY

• High pH
• Waterlogged media
• Calcareous conditions
• High Copper, Manganese, Zinc

Function

• Necessary for the formation of sugars and starches
• Aids in Nitrogen utilization and assimilation
• Aids in chlorophyll synthesis

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Mottled chlorosis first on old leaves, moving to new growth
• Crop stunting

MADE WORSE BY

• High pH
• Organic conditions
• Prolonged cold periods

Function

• Nitrogen fixation and metabolism
• Iron and Phosphorus metabolism

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Reduced nodulation on legumes
• Poor growth, pale leaves

MADE WORSE BY

• Low pH

Function

• Synthesis of protein
• Needed for uniform maturity
• Important for Calcium translocation

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

• Stunted growth, small malformed leaves
• Interveinal chlorosis, striping in grasses
• Twig dieback

MADE WORSE BY

• Organic conditions
• High pH
• High Phosphorus fertilization